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BARF Diet for Dogs: What Is It and What Should You Consider?

Written by Anne | Content Specialist |

The term BARF stands for Biologically Appropriate Raw Food or Bones and Raw Food. It refers to a feeding method in which dogs are given raw meat, bones and other natural ingredients instead of traditional kibble or wet food. The popularity of BARF has increased significantly in recent years. Many dog owners choose raw feeding because they want to feed their dog as naturally as possible. But what exactly does BARF involve, where does it come from, and what are the potential advantages and disadvantages?

Raw meat versus dog kibble

The origin of BARF

The idea of feeding dogs raw food is not new. As early as the 1930s, the holistic veterinarian Juliette de Baïracli Levy recommended feeding dogs raw meat and bones. She described this, among other things, in her book The Complete Herbal Book for the Dog (1950).

The modern BARF movement became widely known through the Australian veterinarian Ian Billinghurst. In his book Give Your Dog a Bone (1993), he argued that a dog’s diet should more closely resemble that of its wild ancestors, such as wolves.

Since then, several variations of raw feeding have developed.

What does BARF feeding involve?

The principle behind BARF is that dogs are naturally carnivorous and that their teeth and digestive system are suited to eating raw meat and bones.

There are roughly two ways of feeding BARF.

1. Commercial raw food

These are commercially produced frozen diets, often referred to as complete raw meals. These products are usually formulated as complete diets and contain all necessary nutrients.

2. Home-prepared BARF diets

Some dog owners prefer to prepare their own raw diet for their dog.

Relevant products

Different approaches within BARF diets

There are several approaches within BARF feeding.

BARF according to Ian Billinghurst

This diet generally consists of:

  • raw meat
  • bones
  • organ meat
  • vegetables
  • eggs
  • yoghurt or milk
  • sometimes small amounts of grains or legumes

The “Prey Model”

This model aims to replicate the diet of a prey animal. It mainly consists of:

  • muscle meat
  • bones
  • organ meat

Vegetables, grains and dairy products are usually not included in this approach.

The importance of a balanced diet

A diet consisting only of meat and bones is usually not nutritionally complete. Dogs also require other nutrients such as:

  • calcium and phosphorus
  • essential fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6)
  • vitamins (such as vitamin D and B vitamins)
  • trace elements

If you prepare BARF yourself, supplements are often necessary to prevent nutritional deficiencies.

Possible benefits of BARF

Many dog owners who feed raw diets report positive experiences, such as:

  • firmer and smaller stools
  • a shinier coat
  • fewer skin problems
  • fewer ear problems

It is important to note that many of these benefits are mainly based on practical experiences of owners and veterinarians. Scientific evidence showing that raw feeding is consistently healthier than well-formulated commercial diets is currently limited.

Possible risks of raw feeding

Scientific research shows that raw meat can also carry certain risks.

Bacterial contamination

Raw meat may contain bacteria such as Salmonella, Campylobacter and Listeria. These bacteria can cause gastrointestinal illness in both animals and humans. Extra caution is recommended in households with young children, elderly people or individuals with weakened immune systems.

Risks of bones

Feeding bones may in some cases lead to constipation, dental damage or injuries to the stomach or intestines caused by sharp bone fragments. For this reason, it is generally recommended to feed only raw bones of an appropriate size and to completely avoid cooked bones.

New insights

In recent years, more attention has been given to:

  • nutritional balance in home-prepared raw diets
  • hygiene when handling raw food
  • the risk of nutritional deficiencies in poorly formulated diets

For this reason, veterinarians increasingly recommend:

  • choosing a complete commercial raw diet
  • or having a home-prepared diet reviewed by a veterinary nutritionist

Advice when feeding BARF

Are you considering feeding your dog BARF? If so, it is advisable to:

  • thoroughly research the composition of the diet
  • use a variety of protein sources
  • handle raw meat hygienically
  • have the diet evaluated by a professional if necessary

This helps ensure your dog receives all the nutrients it needs.

A balanced diet and good hygiene are essential to prevent health risks.

You can also view our range of BARF products.

If you have any questions about BARF feeding for dogs, please contact us at veterinarian@vetsend.co.uk
.

Frequently asked questions about BARF

How much BARF per day?

An adult dog generally receives about 2–3% of its body weight per day in BARF food.

  • Active dogs: sometimes 3–4%
  • Less active or older dogs: sometimes 1.5–2%
  • Puppies usually receive 4–6% of their body weight, divided over several small meals.

What is the 90/10 rule for dogs?

The 90/10 rule means that 90% of the daily diet consists of complete and balanced food, while a maximum of 10% consists of treats, extras or supplements. This helps keep the diet nutritionally balanced.

Can I combine BARF with kibble?

Yes, this is possible. Some dog owners combine kibble and BARF in different meals or on different days. However, it is important to ensure the overall diet remains balanced and that any transition is done gradually to prevent digestive issues.

Do veterinarians recommend BARF?

Opinions among veterinarians vary. Some veterinarians support BARF when it is well balanced and fed hygienically. Others are more cautious due to potential risks such as bacterial contamination or nutritional imbalances. It is therefore advisable to carefully formulate the diet and, if needed, have it reviewed by a veterinarian or nutrition specialist.

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About the author

Mara van Brussel-Broere, Veterinarian at Vetsend

Graduated as a companion animal veterinarian from Utrecht University, she uses her practical experience to advise customers and share knowledge at Vetsend. She finds it important to provide pet owners with clear information about health and wellbeing.

Read more about Mara