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Digestive problems in horses

Written by Mara |

A healthy digestive system is essential for your horse’s wellbeing. Unfortunately, digestive problems are common and can range from mild to life-threatening. Because horses have a sensitive digestive tract, it is important to recognise issues early and treat or support them in a targeted way. In this blog, we discuss three common conditions: gastric ulcers, colic and fecal water.

2 horses outside

Causes of digestive problems in horses

The horse’s gastrointestinal tract is very sensitive. This is because horses evolved as continuous eaters of roughage. In practice, however, many horses are fed at fixed times, with longer breaks in between during which the stomach can become empty, which increases the risk of problems.

Common causes of digestive problems include:

  • Irregular or overly energy-rich feeding (a lot of concentrate, little roughage)
  • Sudden feed changes without a gradual transition
  • Too little exercise or turnout
  • Stress, for example due to transport, hierarchy issues or a change of stabling
  • Insufficient chewing (due to dental problems or fast eating)
  • Parasites, such as a worm infection
  • Sand accumulation in the intestines
  • Long-term use of painkillers or medication
  • Infections or disruption of the intestinal flora

By addressing or preventing these factors early, you can avoid many digestive complaints. Think of providing enough roughage, a consistent feeding routine, reducing stress and supporting intestinal health with suitable supplements.

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Gastric ulcers in horses

Gastric ulcers are more common than many people think, especially in sport horses, young horses and horses that experience stress or receive irregular feeding. They occur when stomach acid damages the stomach lining.

Symptoms of a gastric ulcer in a horse

A horse with a gastric ulcer may show various symptoms:

  • Poor appetite or eating slowly
  • Weight loss despite adequate nutrition
  • Yawning, teeth grinding or licking
  • Sensitivity when tightening the girth or brushing
  • Colic-like signs after feeding

How do I know if my horse has a gastric ulcer?

The diagnosis is usually made by gastroscopy, an endoscopic examination of the stomach. Only this allows the exact location and severity of the ulcer to be determined.

How is a gastric ulcer treated?

Treatment usually consists of stomach acid inhibitors, such as omeprazole, and management changes: more roughage, less stress and feeds with a buffering effect.

In addition, supportive supplements can be used, such as:

Colic in horses

Colic is a collective term for abdominal pain in horses and can range from mild to life-threatening. It can be caused by gas accumulation, impaction, worm infections or twisting of the intestines.

Symptoms of colic in horses

Horses with colic may show different symptoms, such as:

  • Pawing with a front leg
  • Looking at the abdomen or flanks
  • Flehmen response, rolling or lying down
  • Sweating and restless behaviour
  • No manure or changes in the manure

How is colic diagnosed?

The vet will carry out a physical examination, listen to the intestinal sounds, perform a rectal examination and may pass a stomach tube to assess the stomach contents.

How is colic treated?

Treatment of a horse with colic depends on the underlying cause. Colic is often treated with painkillers, antispasmodics, laxatives or, in severe cases, surgery.

Supportive supplements can help the treatment, such as:

Also read our blog: Colic in horses.

Fecal water in horses

Fecal water, also called watery feces or fecal liquid, is a common problem in which water passes separately from the manure from the rectum. The horse loses a lot of fluid this way, which is unpleasant for the skin, the tail and stable hygiene.

What are the symptoms of a horse with fecal water?

A horse with fecal water has normal, formed manure but also a watery discharge. This leads to:

  • Dirt on the tail and hindquarters
  • Irritated skin or tail rubbing
  • No fever or severe colic, but clear intestinal discomfort

What are the causes of fecal water?

The cause of fecal water is not always clear. Possible factors include:

  • Feed changes
  • Stress or hierarchy issues
  • Too little structure or roughage in the diet
  • Reduced intestinal flora quality

How can fecal water in horses be treated?

A good feeding regime, sufficient roughage and calm in the gastrointestinal function are crucial. Sometimes it helps to limit starchy or sugary feeds.

Supplements can also be used to support horses with fecal water, such as:

  • Puur Digest: supports a healthy intestinal flora and digestion.
  • Phytonics Micro Comp: helps to optimise the intestinal flora.
  • NAF Gastri Aid: supports a sensitive digestive system and contributes to both a normal acidity in the stomach and good intestinal function.

Digestive problems in horses are not always visible on the outside but can have a major impact on their wellbeing. By paying attention to signs such as reduced appetite, changes in behaviour, abdominal pain or abnormal manure, you can often identify problems at an early stage. Supplements can provide valuable support but do not replace veterinary treatment in acute cases.

Do you have questions about the right support for digestive problems in your horse? Please contact us at veterinarian@vetsend.co.uk.

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About the author

Mara van Brussel-Broere, Veterinarian at Vetsend

Graduated as a companion animal veterinarian from Utrecht University, she uses her practical experience to advise customers and share knowledge at Vetsend. She finds it important to provide pet owners with clear information about health and wellbeing.

Read more about Mara